[Year 12 IT Apps] U3-O1

[Savage, John L]

Frames are discouraged by W3C,( http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-WCAG20-HTML-TECHS-20031209/#frames ) since the corresponding element types (including iframe) aren't present in the Strict DTDs (which is what W3C strongly recommends for all new documents). From their site:

"For visually enabled users, frames may organize a page into different zones. For non-visual users, relationships between the content in frames (e.g., one frame has a table of contents, another the contents themselves) must be conveyed through other means.

Frames as implemented today (with the frameset , frame , and iframe  elements) are problematic for several reasons:
* Without scripting, they tend to break the "previous page" functionality offered by browsers.
* It is impossible to refer to the "current state" of a frameset with a URI; once a frameset changes contents, the original URI no longer applies.
* Opening a frame in a new browser window can disorient or simply annoy users."



1.       Frames prevent users from properly bookmarking pages. When a bookmarked frameset page is loaded, users' previous mouse clicks inside the frames do not matter. Only the outer URL is saved, and users have to navigate to where they were manually.


2.       Frames present challenges for printing web pages. Printing all the frames at once is not suited to the different dimensions of paper (and users can get only the first pageful that way). Users generally have to right-click the frame they want and choose the appropriate context menu option.


3.       Users coming from search engines may not have access to navigational elements if they are located in another frame - they are directed to only that frame the search engine found the text in.

Appropriate use of <div> tags and css will do anything you used to do with frames and be standards compliant.
Check out http://meyerweb.com/eric/css/edge/ especially the Complex Spiral sample. There is a huge amount on the web about creating a frames appearance in a standards compliant page but Eric Meyer's work was groundbreaking.

Laurie Savage

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From: itapps-bounces at edulists.com.au [mailto:itapps-bounces at edulists.com.au] On Behalf Of Litsa Tzelepis
Sent: Thursday, 6 February 2014 12:42 PM
To: itapps at edulists.com.au
Subject: [Year 12 IT Apps] U3-O1

Hello,

I went into my first ITapps class today (they were on camp last week) and realised the IT dept installed Adobe CC - so my Dreamweaver has gone from CS4 to CC.
Not so much of a drama to look at straight away but I noticed "frames" are not valid anymore. The kids liked to use them to avoid repeating link placement and to help with the "navigation" feature they are meant to demonstrate.

My question is if frames aren't used, what are others using for "navigation".

Sorry if it sounds obvious - or are you just using the same links on each page.

Thank-you, litsa
:)

---
Litsa Tzelepis
Mount St. Joseph Girl's College
133 Maidstone Street, Altona, VIC. 3018
htzelepis at msj.vic.edu.au<mailto:htzelepis at msj.vic.edu.au>
P:8398 2000 | F:9398 3498

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