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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Hi Peter,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">I would say a UCD is developed/created in analysis and then used in the design phase to help create your data dictionary, pseudocode etc. That&#8217;s my interpretation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Cheers,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Heath Matheson<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Mount Beauty Secondary College<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"> sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au [mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Langham, Peter P<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, 11 October 2013 11:34 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Year 12 Software Development Teachers' Mailing List<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Year 12 SofDev] Use case diagrams, data flow diagrams and context diagrams<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Good morning all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">A follow up to the email I sent out Wednesday morning, in which I asked the question about which stage in the PSM do UCDs, DFDs and CDs fit.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">I&#8217;ve just been going over the 2012 VCAA Exam with my class in which
<b>Section A Question 1 </b>asks:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">When investigating an existing information problem, a
<b>use case diagram</b> is developed.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">At which stage of the problem-solving methodology does this occur?<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">A.<span style="font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Design<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">B.<span style="font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">C.<span style="font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Evaluation<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">D.<span style="font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Development<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">And the snippet from the Study Design that has me concerned:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">Analysis involves: </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&#8226; Determining the solution requirements. What information does the solution have to provide? What data is needed to produce the information? What functions does the solution have to provide? These requirements
 can be classified as being functional, namely what the solution is required to do, and non-functional, which describes the attributes the solution should possess, such as userfriendliness, reliability, portability, robustness, maintainability. Tools to assist
 in determining the solution requirements include <b><span style="background:yellow">context diagrams, data flow diagrams and use cases.</span></b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&lt;snip&gt;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">Design involves:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&#8226; Planning how the solution will function, and the appearance of the resulting information. The solution design typically involves identifying what specific data is required and how the data will be named,
 structured, validated and manipulated. Typical design tools for this purpose include data dictionaries and data structure diagrams, input-process-output (IPO) charts, flowcharts, pseudocode, object descriptions. Solution design also involves, where appropriate,
 showing how the various components of a solution relate to one another, for example web pages, style sheets, scripts; queries, forms, reports; modules, procedures, functions. Typical design tools used to show relationships include storyboards, site maps, entity-relationship
 diagrams, <b><span style="background:yellow">data flow diagrams</span></b>, structure charts, hierarchy charts,
<b><span style="background:yellow">context diagrams, use cases</span></b>. Planning the solution also involves determining the appearance of information generated from a solution. This typically involves identifying the position of text, images and graphics,
 font sizes, colours and text enhancements. Design tools used for this purpose include layout diagrams, annotated diagrams/mocks up.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">I guess with the
<b>2012 Section A, Question 1</b> you could argue that, the answer is <b>B. Analysis
</b>due to the first line stating <i>&#8220;..investigating an existing information problem..&#8221;</i> indicates that is must be a use case diagram in the
<i>Analysis</i> section of the PSM. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Do we need to teach students that if the question was instead
<i>&#8220;When planning a solution to an existing information problem, a use case diagram is developed.&#8221;</i> that the answer should have been
<b>A. Design</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">It could become rather confusing if there was a short answer question about any of context diagrams, data flow diagrams and use case diagrams in the 2013 exam
 so I want my students prepared for all possibilities. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Was there a discussion about this question last year?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Thanks,
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Peter Langham,<br>
Narre Warren South P-12 College<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">
<a href="mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au">sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au</a> [<a href="mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au">mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Mark<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, 9 October 2013 11:39 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Year 12 Software Development Teachers' Mailing List<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Year 12 SofDev] (no subject)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">It is an interesting point because there are logical design tools (e.g. UCD, context diagram) which are used during analysis to plan the requirements of a solution.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Then there are physical design tools which are used during design to plan the mechanics of a solution - e.g. IPO, pseudocode.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I'd only ever used DFDs as logical design tools, so it's interesting that Kevork (and Wikipedia) say that DFDs can be used in analysis and design. &nbsp;Further research (e.g.&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ask.com/question/difference-between-logical-and-physical-dfd">http://www.ask.com/question/difference-between-logical-and-physical-dfd</a>)
 says there are both logical and physical DFDs.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Old dog: &nbsp;one new trick.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Cheers<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Mark<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 9 October 2013 11:07, Kevork KROZIAN &lt;<a href="mailto:kkrozian@ringwoodsc.vic.edu.au" target="_blank">kkrozian@ringwoodsc.vic.edu.au</a>&gt; wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">Hi Peter,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">Yes, you make a good point. UCDs are in analysis only. However Context and Data Flow diagrams are found in both analysis and design.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">Kind Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">Kevork Krozian</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">IT Pathways Manager</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">Ringwood Trade Training Facility
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">Tel: 0419 356 034</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">
<a href="mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au" target="_blank">sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au" target="_blank">sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Langham, Peter P<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, 9 October 2013 8:49 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Year 12 Software Development Teachers' Mailing List<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Year 12 SofDev] (no subject)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">Good morning, </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">First year SD teacher - so my apologies if this has been discussed and resolved in the past.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">I've noticed that Context Diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams and Use Case Diagrams are all mentioned in both the Analysis and Design sections of the PSM, page 17 in the study design.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">Analysis involves: </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&#8226; Determining the solution requirements. What information does the solution have to provide? What data is needed to produce the information? What functions does the solution have to provide? These requirements
 can be classified as being functional, namely what the solution is required to do, and non-functional, which describes the attributes the solution should possess, such as userfriendliness, reliability, portability, robustness, maintainability. Tools to assist
 in determining the solution requirements include <b><span style="background:yellow">context diagrams, data flow diagrams and use cases.</span></b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&lt;snip&gt;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">Design involves:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">&#8226; Planning how the solution will function, and the appearance of the resulting information. The solution design typically involves identifying what specific data is required and how the data will be named,
 structured, validated and manipulated. Typical design tools for this purpose include data dictionaries and data structure diagrams, input-process-output (IPO) charts, flowcharts, pseudocode, object descriptions. Solution design also involves, where appropriate,
 showing how the various components of a solution relate to one another, for example web pages, style sheets, scripts; queries, forms, reports; modules, procedures, functions. Typical design tools used to show relationships include storyboards, site maps, entity-relationship
 diagrams, <b><span style="background:yellow">data flow diagrams</span></b>, structure charts, hierarchy charts,
<b><span style="background:yellow">context diagrams, use cases</span></b>. Planning the solution also involves determining the appearance of information generated from a solution. This typically involves identifying the position of text, images and graphics,
 font sizes, colours and text enhancements. Design tools used for this purpose include layout diagrams, annotated diagrams/mocks up.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">It&#8217;s my understanding that context diagrams, data flow diagrams and use cases should only appear in the analysis stage of the PSM.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Is this correct?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Peter Langham<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Narre Warren South P-12 College<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">--<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Mark Kelly<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">mark AT vceit DOT com<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://vceit.com" target="_blank">http://vceit.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black;background:#FDFDFF">Day 19, I have successfully conditioned my master to smile and write in his book every time I drool.- Pavlov's Dog</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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<p></p><p><b>Important - </b>This email and any attachments may be confidential. If received in error, please contact us and delete all copies. Before opening or using attachments check them for viruses and defects. Regardless of any loss, damage or consequence, whether caused by the negligence of the sender or not, resulting directly or indirectly from the use of any attached files our liability is limited to resupplying any affected attachments. Any representations or opinions expressed are those of the individual sender, and not necessarily those of the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development.</p>
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